Standard structural steels (Europe)
Most steels used throughout Europe are specified to comply with the European standard EN 10025. However, many national standards also remain in force.
Typical grades are described as 'S275J2' or 'S355K2W'. In these examples, 'S' denotes structural rather than engineering steel; 275 or 355 denotes the yield strength in newtons per square millimetre or the equivalent megapascals; J2 or K2 denotes the materials toughness by reference to Charpy impact testvalues; and the 'W' denotes weathering steel. Further letters can be used to designate normalized steel ('N' or 'NL'); quenched and tempered steel ('Q' or 'QL'); and thermomechanically rolled steel ('M' or 'ML').
The normal yield strength grades available are 195, 235, 275, 355, 420, and 460, although some grades are more commonly used than others e.g. in the UK, almost all structural steel is grades S275 and S355. Higher grades are available in quenched and tempered material (500, 550, 620, 690, 890 and 960 - although grades above 690 receive little if any use in construction at present).
[edit]Standard structural steels (USA)
Steels used for building construction in the US use standard alloys identified and specified by ASTM International. These steels have an alloy identification beginning with A and then two, three, or four numbers. The four-number AISI steel grades commonly used for mechanical engineering, machines, and vehicles are a completely different specification series.
The standard commonly used structural steels are:[1]
[edit]Carbon steels
- A36 - structural shapes and plate
- A53 - structural pipe and tubing
- A500 - structural pipe and tubing
- A501 - structural pipe and tubing
- A529 - structural shapes and plate
[edit]High strength low alloy steels
- A441 - structural shapes and plates
- A572 - structural shapes and plates
- A618 - structural pipe and tubing
- A992 - W shapes beams only
- A270 - structural shapes and plates
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